OS1 Services

Entity

21min

Introduction 
An Entity is an object or a concept for which data is stored, and operations are performed. For example, Vehicle, Box, User, etc.
Key Components
Entity Category and Sub-category
Entity Category: The type of object or concept about which data is stored and manipulated. For example, four-wheeler or two-wheeler is a category of entity vehicle.
Entity Sub-category: The type of Entity Category for which data is stored and manipulated. For example, a truck or a car is an entity sub-category for the entity category four-wheeler whose entity is vehicle.
﻿
Entity Template
An Entity Template is created based on an entity category-sub-category pair. The attributes created in the entity template override the attributes created for the entity.
Entity Instance
An instance of an entity is created either by instantiating an entity or by instantiating an entity template.
🚧 NOTE﻿
Lifecycle rules governing the state of an entity are not in the scope of this document and are covered separately in the State Machine Documentation.
Features Supported
The Entity service exposes API endpoints that allow you to store the data and perform operations on the data for an Entity. It is responsible for managing the availability, latency, consistency, and replication of the data stored.
Using the Entity Service you can:
Create multiple entities per App. For example, for a ticketing system (App), entities could be users, tickets, vendors, etc.
Define entities by creating Attributes.
Expose CRUD APIs.
Search or filter the stored data.
Search or filter the changes in attributes and data.
The batch creates or updates the data.
Perform templatization of entities and creation of templates based on entity category and sub-category.
Configure data warehouse capability.
Configure life cycle management using the State Machine Service.
📘 Entity Service new attribute addition﻿
Updates to existing Attributes and the addition of new Attributes take effect after the creation of a new Entity instance and are not backward compatible.
Templatization
You can create templates that you can use to simplify the creation of Entity instances.
The process to create a template:
Define an Entity by creating the Base and Custom Attributes﻿.
Create an Entity﻿ based on an Entity Category and Sub-category﻿.
The Entity Instance﻿ is created using the Entity Template. The Entity instance has the superset of all the attributes defined in the Entity template and Entity. If attributes with the same name exist in the Entity template and Entity definition, then the Attributes of the Entity template will override the attributes of the Entity.
If the attributes of the Entity or the Attributes of the Entity template are updated, Entity instances created after the update is complete will have the updated values. Previously created Entity instances are not updated with new Attributes or Attribute updates.
Templatization Example
Let's understand how you can use Templatization in a real-world example:
Create an Entity: We created an entity named vehicle with base and custom attributes. Suppose, vehicle has two custom attributes mileage and manufacturer with default values 15 and Toyota, respectively.
Create Entity-category and Entity-subcategory: We defined Entity-category for the entity vehicle as four-wheeler and Entity-subcategory is categorized as car.
Create a template based on the Entity category and the Entity subcategory: We create a template called vehicleTemplate1 for Entity-category four-wheeler and entity-subcategory car.
Defining Attributes for the Entity Template vehicleTemplate1: We defined two custom Attributes mileage and manufacturer with default values 50 and Suzuki, respectively.
Now, we have 3 cases for creating Entity instances:
Case 1: When the Entity instance is created using Entity.
For example, car123 is created using the entity vehicle. The values of mileage and manufacturer are provided during instance creation hence mileage: 35 and manufacturer: Volkswagen.
Case 2: When the Entity instance is created using Entity.
For example, car123 is created using the Entity vehicle. The values for custom Attributes mileage and manufacturer are not provided. In that case, the default values of 15 and Toyota are picked up while creating the instance.
Case 3: When the Entity instance is created using the Entity template vehicleTemplate1.
If the values for custom Attributes, mileage, and manufacturer, are provided during instance creation, those values are associated with the instance. However, if the values of mileage and manufacturer are not provided, the default values of vehicleTemplate1 Attributes are picked up overriding the entity values of mileage and manufacturer. In this case, the instance has amileage: 50 and manufacturer: Suzuki stored across the instance.
To create an Entity Template, call the Create Template endpoint.
To update an Entity Template, call the Update Template endpoint.
Request bodies are specified in JSON format. The following examples show a request body for creating an Entity Template and a request body for updating an Entity Template:
Member
Description
Validation
Data type
name
Template name.
pattern: ^[a-z-A-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,63}$
string
subCategory
Template sub-category.
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
attributes>name
Attribute name.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 32
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$
string
attributes>description
Attribute description.
minLength: 0
maxLength: 256
string
attributes>dataType
Data type.
Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money
string
attributes>indexed
Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.
default: false
boolean
attributes>defaultValue
Provide the default value of the attribute. The data type of the value should match the data type of the attribute defined.
﻿
number
attributes>validation
Validation rules for a string or number value.
﻿
string
attributes>required
Specifies whether the value is required or optional.
default: false
boolean
callback
URL to notify the outcome of the request. Returns event data for success and failure events. 
pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)
string
Create Entity Template
Update Entity Template
{
   "attributes":[
      {
         "name":"manufacturingCompany",
         "description":"Manufacturing company of the car",
         "dataType":"string",
         "indexed":true,
         "defaultValue":"Toyota",
         "validation":{
            "required":false
         }
      }
   ],
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
{
   "attributes":[
      {
         "name":"manufacturingCompany",
         "description":"Manufacturing company of the car",
         "dataType":"string",
         "indexed":true,
         "defaultValue":"Toyota",
         "validation":{
            "required":false
         }
      }
   ],
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
﻿
To create an Entity Instance, call the Create Entity endpoint.
To update an Entity Instance, call the Update Entity endpoint.
Request bodies are specified in JSON format. The following examples show a request body for creating an Entity Instance and a request body for updating an Entity Instance:
Member
Description
Validation
Data type
uniqueCode
Unicode code for the entity instance.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 128
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_:-]{0,127}
string
name
Template name.
pattern: ^[a-z-A-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,63}$
string
subCategory
Template sub-category.
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
attributes>name
Attribute name.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 32
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$
string
attributes>description
Attribute description.
minLength: 0
maxLength: 256
string
attributes>dataType
Data type.
Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money
string
attributes>indexed
Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.
default: false
boolean
attributes>defaultValue
Provide the default value of the attribute. The data type of the value should match the data type of the attribute defined.
﻿
number
attributes>validation
Validation rules for a string or number value.
﻿
string
attributes>required
Specifies whether the value is required or optional.
default: false
boolean
callback
URL to notify the outcome of the request.
pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)
string
Create Entity Instance
Update Entity Instance
{
   "properties":{
      "color":"red"
   },
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
{
   "properties":{
      "color":"red"
   },
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
﻿
Data Models
Entities per app
The create, read, and update endpoints are used to define the Entities per app. Note that, the app name is mandatory when defining an entity.
Entities are identified by their pluralName which must be unique per tenant and app. The Entity pluralName is created as a separate resource so that you can create separate Entity instances. Allowed owners should be an enum that contains the owning entity pluralNames (it is validated during entity creation). If empty, then no validation is performed.
Attributes per Entity
A Tenant can define Custom Attributes﻿ for an Entity. The service allows you to:
Define the name and data type of the attribute.
Provide optional default value of the attribute.
Define validations on the attribute. The following validations are allowed:
Range- Defining min-max.
ValueOneOf- Homogenous enum (values of the enum should be of the same data type).
Required- Whether the attribute is required or not.
Attributes of an Entity
An Entity is defined by Base and Custom Attributes:
Base Attributes: These are the attributes pre-defined by the platform for the Entity. Some of these attributes are obligatory.
Custom Attributes: These are the attributes that the Tenant defines for the Entities, to enhance their usability.
Attribute Type
Attribute Name
Description
Base
Tenant Id*****
The ID of the tenant to whose realm the entity belongs.
Base
Entity Id*****
This is a system-generated ID, expected to be unique within a tenant.
Base
Category
Category of an entity.
Base
Sub-category
The sub-category of an entity.
Base
Template
Template based on which entity instance is created.
Custom
Attributes 1 to n (Indexed)
Custom attributes for an entity with indexing.
Custom
Attributes 1 to n (Non-indexed)
Custom attributes for an entity without indexing.
*isActive, isDeleted, createdAt, createdBy, updatedAt, updatedBy, or any such database columns should be automatically created by the developers.
To create an Entity Type that has Custom Attributes, call the Create Entity Type endpoint.
To update an Entity Type, call the Update Entity Type endpoint.
Request bodies are specified in JSON format. The following examples show a request body for creating an Entity Type and a request body for updating an Entity Type:
Member
Description
Validation
Data type
name>plural
Plural name of the entity type.
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,16}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
example: vehicles
string
name>singular
Singular name of entity-type
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,16}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
example: vehicle
string
category>name
Category name
example: vehicle
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
category>description
Category description.
﻿
string
category>subCategory
Sub-category
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
attribute>name
Attribute name.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 32
pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$
string
attribute>description
Attribute description.
minLength: 0
maxLength: 256
string
attribute>dataType
The data type of the attribute.
Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money, geo-point
string
attribute>indexed
Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.
default: false
boolean
isStateMachineEnabled
﻿
default: false
boolean
events
Events.
minItems: 1
maxItems: 999
string
entityCode
Entity code.
﻿
string
Create Entity Type
Update Entity Type
{
   "attributes":[
      {
         "name":"mileage",
         "description":"Mileage of the vehicle",
         "dataType":"number",
         "indexed":true
      }
   ]
}
{
   "attributes":[
      {
         "name":"mileage",
         "description":"Mileage of the vehicle",
         "dataType":"number",
         "indexed":true
      }
   ]
}
﻿
Entity Type as Data Type
The entity_type data type allows you to reference other entities as properties within an entity schema. When creating or updating an entity type, you can include entity_type as a custom attribute:
JSON
{ 
  	"name": "<attributeName>",
 	"description": "<description>",
 	"dataType"* : "entity_type",
 	"defaultValue":"<instanceId>",
 	"indexed": true/false
 	"validations":{
   		"valueOneOf": [  "<appId>##<entityTypePluralName>" ],
   		"required": <true/false>
 	}
}


{ 
  	"name": "<attributeName>",
 	"description": "<description>",
 	"dataType"* : "entity_type",
 	"defaultValue":"<instanceId>",
 	"indexed": true/false
 	"validations":{
   		"valueOneOf": [  "<appId>##<entityTypePluralName>" ],
   		"required": <true/false>
 	}
}

﻿
Filter and Search endpoints
Filter and search GET endpoints are provided for retrieving entity instances based on various filters like match, multi-match, term, range, regex, exists, prefix, wildcard, etc. The results of the call are paginated. To configure the result set, use the following options: limit, offset, from(time), and to(time).
﻿
Creating Entities in a Batch
Batch endpoints are provided to create and update Entities in batches. The Batch endpoints support two methods to supply the Entity data:
JSON
CSV file upload
To register a Batch Entity request, call the Create Batch Request endpoint.
To update a Batch Entity request, call the Update Batch Request endpoint.
Attributes for Batch Request
Member
Description
Validation
Data type
payload
List of valid objects to perform create data in Entities.
maxItems: 1024
minItems: 1
﻿
uniqueCode
Unique code.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 128
string
name
Name of the Entity.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 64
string
owner
The owner of the Entity should be a valid Entity ID.
minLength: 1
maxLength: 64
string
category
Valid entity category.
example: vehicle
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
subCategory
Valid entity sub-category.
example: car
pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$
minLength: 1
maxLength: 16
string
properties
Key-Value representation of all core attributes of the Entity.
﻿
﻿
callback
URL to notify the outcome of the request.
pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)
string
Request bodies are specified in JSON format. The following examples show a request body for creating a Batch Entity request and a request body for updating a Batch Entity request:
Create Batch Request body
Update Batch Request body
{
   "payload":[
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"black"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"silver"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"white"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"blue"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"red"
         }
      }
   ],
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
{
   "payload":[
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"black"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"silver"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"white"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"blue"
         }
      },
      {
         "properties":{
            "color":"red"
         }
      }
   ],
   "callback":"https://examplecallbackurl.com"
}
﻿
👍 Entity Batch Processing﻿
Container can be created and updated in batch using Batch Processing API.
Here are the sample CSV files for Batch Creation & Updation of Containers.
Lifecy
The lifecycle for the Entities defined in the Entity service is managed separately using the State Machine Service. To use/not use the state machine service for lifecycle management is dependent on the Tenant’s business use case.
Data Warehouse
Storing the data in the data warehouse is Tenant configurable. By default, the data is only stored in the transactional database. When the data warehouse feature is enabled, the data becomes available in the data warehouse becomes available immediately. It is advisable to build reporting dashboards in the data warehouse.
The Tenant can configure a terminal TTL that governs the availability of data in the transactional database. If the value is not provided, the data is deleted from the transactional database after 30 days. If the data warehouse feature is enabled, then the data is available to query from the DWH after the deletion from the transactional database. If it is not enabled the data is permanently deleted.

Member	Description	Validation	Data type
name	Template name.	pattern: ^[a-z-A-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,63}$	string
subCategory	Template sub-category.	pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
attributes>name	Attribute name.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 32 pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$	string
attributes>description	Attribute description.	minLength: 0 maxLength: 256	string
attributes>dataType	Data type.	Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money	string
attributes>indexed	Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.	default: false	boolean
attributes>defaultValue	Provide the default value of the attribute. The data type of the value should match the data type of the attribute defined.		number
attributes>validation	Validation rules for a string or number value.		string
attributes>required	Specifies whether the value is required or optional.	default: false	boolean
callback	URL to notify the outcome of the request. Returns event data for success and failure events.	pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)	string

Member	Description	Validation	Data type
uniqueCode	Unicode code for the entity instance.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 128 pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_:-]{0,127}	string
name	Template name.	pattern: ^[a-z-A-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,63}$	string
subCategory	Template sub-category.	pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
attributes>name	Attribute name.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 32 pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$	string
attributes>description	Attribute description.	minLength: 0 maxLength: 256	string
attributes>dataType	Data type.	Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money	string
attributes>indexed	Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.	default: false	boolean
attributes>defaultValue	Provide the default value of the attribute. The data type of the value should match the data type of the attribute defined.		number
attributes>validation	Validation rules for a string or number value.		string
attributes>required	Specifies whether the value is required or optional.	default: false	boolean
callback	URL to notify the outcome of the request.	pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)	string

Attribute Type	Attribute Name	Description
Base	Tenant Id*****	The ID of the tenant to whose realm the entity belongs.
Base	Entity Id*****	This is a system-generated ID, expected to be unique within a tenant.
Base	Category	Category of an entity.
Base	Sub-category	The sub-category of an entity.
Base	Template	Template based on which entity instance is created.
Custom	Attributes 1 to n (Indexed)	Custom attributes for an entity with indexing.
Custom	Attributes 1 to n (Non-indexed)	Custom attributes for an entity without indexing.

Member	Description	Validation	Data type
name>plural	Plural name of the entity type.	pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,16}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16 example: vehicles	string
name>singular	Singular name of entity-type	pattern: ^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,16}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16 example: vehicle	string
category>name	Category name	example: vehicle pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
category>description	Category description.		string
category>subCategory	Sub-category	pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
attribute>name	Attribute name.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 32 pattern: ^[a-zA-Z]{1,32}$	string
attribute>description	Attribute description.	minLength: 0 maxLength: 256	string
attribute>dataType	The data type of the attribute.	Valid values: string, number, boolean, object, array, address, phone, money, geo-point	string
attribute>indexed	Defines whether to make this attribute indexed or not so that filtering can be provided based on this attribute.	default: false	boolean
isStateMachineEnabled		default: false	boolean
events	Events.	minItems: 1 maxItems: 999	string
entityCode	Entity code.		string

Member	Description	Validation	Data type
payload	List of valid objects to perform create data in Entities.	maxItems: 1024 minItems: 1
uniqueCode	Unique code.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 128	string
name	Name of the Entity.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 64	string
owner	The owner of the Entity should be a valid Entity ID.	minLength: 1 maxLength: 64	string
category	Valid entity category.	example: vehicle pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
subCategory	Valid entity sub-category.	example: car pattern: ^[a-zA-z][a-zA-z0-9,_\-]{0,15}$ minLength: 1 maxLength: 16	string
properties	Key-Value representation of all core attributes of the Entity.
callback	URL to notify the outcome of the request.	pattern: https?:\/\/(www\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%.\+~#=]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,4}\b([-a-zA-Z0-9@:%\+.~#?&//=]*)	string

Updated 29 Sep 2024

Did this page help you?

Authentication And Authorization

How to use Entities?

Entity

Introduction

Key Components

Entity Category and Sub-category

Entity Template

Entity Instance

Features Supported

Templatization

Templatization Example

Data Models

Entities per app

Attributes per Entity

Attributes of an Entity

Entity Type as Data Type

Filter and Search endpoints

﻿

Creating Entities in a Batch

Attributes for Batch Request

Lifecy

Data Warehouse